English Reference

1. GRAMMAR TRANSLATION METHOD       Definition: GTM is a method of teaching foreign language, by which this method is divided into two pairs, i.e.: rules, and paradigms, and sentence for translation into and out of the target language. It is also included rote learning of grammar rules, learning to put grammatical labels on words, and learning to apply the rules by translating sentences.   Advantage: It is easier to present language materials in classroom, and to evaluate the process of language teaching, With a little English proficiency can teach the language (fluency in English is not required to language teachers since through GTM, the teachers teach English in students’ first language. Disadvantage: This method is ineffective to teach the target language communicatively, For those who do not respond well to such a learning process, the language class taught through this method may be boring.    2. DIRECT METHOD       Definition: DM is a m

IS MY TEAM PLOUGHING “Is my team ploughing, That I was used to drive And hear the harness jingle When I was man alive?” Aye, the horses trample, The harness jingles now; No change though you lie under The land you used to plough. “Is football playing Along the river shore, With lads to chase the leather, Now I stand up no more?” Aye, the ball is flying, The lads play heart and soul; The goal stands up, the keeper Stands up to keep the goal. “Is my girl happy, That I thought hard to leave, And has she tired of weeping As she lies down at eve?” Aye, she lies down lightly, She lies not down to weep; Your girl is well contented. Be still, my lad, and sleep. “Is my friend hearty, Now I am thin and pine; And has he found to sleep in A better than mine?” Yes, lad. I lie easy, I lie as lads would choose; I cheer a dead man’s sweetheart, Never ask me whose.   A. E. Houseman (1859 – 1936)   Poem’s Paraphras

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 A Pen Pal Relationship      A pen–pal–relationship is often used to practice reading and writing in a foreign language to improve literacy, to learn more about other countries and lifestyles, and to make friendships. As with any friendships in life, some people remain pen pals for only a short–time, while others continue to exchange letters and presents for life. Some pen–pals eventually arrange to meet face–to–face; sometimes leading to serious–relationships.      Pen–pals come in all age, nationalities, and cultures. People may seek new­–pen–friends based on their own age group, specific–occupation, hobby, or select someone totally different from them to gain knowledge about the world around them. Most people­–writing to a pen–pal do not use their native–language in their letters, with the exception of natives in Western–countries.      A modern variation on the traditional pen–pal arrangement is to have a key–pal and exchange e–mail addresses as well as or instead of paper

Enhancing the Hidden–Positive–Impact of Social Media        Social–media is now becoming more popular, and its popularity is getting more important as our daily–need; we, thus, are not able to live without. There is not limitation of places and time to users in accessing the social–media like in public places i.e. schools, campuses, workplaces, restaurants, end even shopping–centers. In fact, during working–hours the users make use of these moments to stick on social–media. Facebook is engendering one of famous social–media which is being accessed all the time. Chatting, updating, and quick–responding activities i.e. giving a ‘thumb’, and giving ‘testimonies’ are nowadays seem like becoming their daily–routines. Seeing this phenomenon is arising an important–question, can we here take a tiny bit positive–side of social–media so that we are not just wasting our priceless–time to do bad–things but turning these activities into useful ones to the others? The answer is, there is not a

 INTRODUCTION 1. Why these tests are important?         Writing is indivisible integrated skill in a language, which is important in different aspects of life. In communication, writing is a device for carrying out communication because communication is not totally carried out orally but also it can be done in written. In academic, writing is a strategy is commonly taught to accomplish their purpose.    2. What do they used for?       We are not able to define what the use of writing test exactly because it hinges on the objectives which have determined before. For instance, we have the following objectives: To test handwriting ability To test correct spelling To test sentences written that are grammatically correct Paragraph construction Logical development of a main idea        The use of the test, of course, will be based on those objectives. The test is used to test handwriting ability if the objective is to test handwriting ability, and so